{"id":103,"date":"2026-05-20T13:30:07","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T13:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/managardur.fs.is\/?page_id=103"},"modified":"2026-09-07T11:04:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T11:04:38","slug":"high-scope","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/managardur.fs.is\/index.php\/high-scope\/","title":{"rendered":"High Scope\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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M\u00e1nagar\u00f0ur<\/p>\n\n\n\n

High Scope <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\u00c1 M\u00e1nagar\u00f0i er unni\u00f0 eftir bandar\u00edskri h\u00e1g\u00e6\u00f0astefnu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tveir kennarar leiksk\u00f3lans mennta\u00f0ir HighScope kennarar og \u00fej\u00e1lfar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hornsteinn HighScope er tr\u00fain \u00e1 a\u00f0 virkt n\u00e1m s\u00e9 undirsta\u00f0an fyrir manneskjuna til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fullum \u00feroska og getu og a\u00f0 virkt n\u00e1m s\u00e9 \u00e1rangursr\u00edkast \u00ed umhverfi \u00fear sem b\u00f6rnin f\u00e1 verkefni sem h\u00e6fa aldri og \u00feroska \u00feeirra. N\u00e1m er f\u00e9lagsleg reynsla \u00fear sem b\u00f6rn eiga \u00ed miklum samskiptum \u00ed leik og starfi. B\u00f6rn l\u00e6ra hlutina \u00e1 \u00f3l\u00edkan h\u00e1tt, hafa \u00f3l\u00edk \u00e1hugam\u00e1l og hlutirnir liggja misvel fyrir \u00feeim en \u00feau eru l\u00edkleg til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 bestum \u00feroska \u00feegar \u00feau eiga \u00ed samskiptum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra, b\u00e6\u00f0i jafningja og fullor\u00f0na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pers\u00f3nulegt frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i barnanna er \u00fea\u00f0 sem liggur a\u00f0 baki virku n\u00e1mi \u00feeirra. Ung b\u00f6rn fylgja l\u00f6ngun sinni til a\u00f0 kanna hluti, \u00feau spyrja og leita svara vi\u00f0 spurningum um f\u00f3lk, efni, hugmyndir og hluti sem \u00feau hafa \u00e1huga \u00e1 og vekja forvitni \u00feeirra, \u00feau leysa vandam\u00e1l sem koma \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 \u00feau n\u00e1i markmi\u00f0um s\u00ednum og leita n\u00fdrra lei\u00f0a til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 \u00feeim.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cd HighScope er einbl\u00ednt \u00e1 styrkleika barnanna<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd HighScope er einbl\u00ednt \u00e1 styrkleika barnanna og \u00feau hv\u00f6tt til a\u00f0 koma hugmyndum s\u00ednum \u00e1 framf\u00e6ri og framkv\u00e6ma \u00fe\u00e6r. B\u00f6rnin \u00f6\u00f0last traust og frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i, forvitni \u00feeirra eykst, \u00feau ver\u00f0a \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0ag\u00f3\u00f0, sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0 og \u00e1byrg\u00f0arfull ef \u00feau f\u00e1 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 s\u00fdna hva\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim b\u00fdr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Virkir nemendur eru einbeittir og \u00e1hugasamir um eigin gj\u00f6r\u00f0ir og hugsanir. \u00deeir finna s\u00e9r margt til dundurs og tala oft um \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00feeir \u00e6tla a\u00f0 gera. B\u00f6rn \u00ed virku n\u00e1msumhverfi taka \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir bygg\u00f0ar \u00e1 eigin \u00e1huga og eigin spurningum og \u00feau f\u00e1 t\u00edma til a\u00f0 fylgja eigin \u00e1\u00e6tlunum eftir. \u00deau eru \u00ed samskiptum vi\u00f0 f\u00f3lk sem \u00feau deila hugmyndum s\u00ednum, athugunum og \u00e1\u00e6tlunum me\u00f0 og f\u00e1i \u00feau vi\u00f0eigandi stu\u00f0ning og hvatningu fr\u00e1 kennara ver\u00f0a \u00feau s\u00edfellt virkari \u00ed eigin n\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cdris D\u00f6gg J\u00f3hannesd\u00f3ttir er \u00fer\u00f3unarstj\u00f3ri og HighScope kennari.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Uppruni HighScope-stefnunnar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

HighScope-stefnan kemur fr\u00e1 Ypsilanti \u00ed Michigan \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum. Upphafsma\u00f0ur hennar er David Weikart, f\u00e6ddur \u00e1ri\u00f0 1931. Hann m\u00f3ta\u00f0i stefnuna til a\u00f0 sporna vi\u00f0 h\u00e1u brottfalli f\u00e1t\u00e6kra nemenda \u00far gagnfr\u00e6\u00f0isk\u00f3lanum \u00ed Ypsilanti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nemendur \u00far f\u00e1t\u00e6krahverfum h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00e1rum saman skora\u00f0 l\u00e1gt \u00e1 greindar- og akadem\u00edskum pr\u00f3fum. Weikart leita\u00f0i sk\u00fdringa \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvers vegna \u00feessi sta\u00f0a endurt\u00f3k sig og hvernig h\u00e6gt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir brottfall f\u00e1t\u00e6kra nemenda. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a hans var s\u00fa a\u00f0 l\u00e1gt skor nemendanna m\u00e6tti frekar rekja til takmarka\u00f0ra t\u00e6kif\u00e6ra til undirb\u00fanings fyrir sk\u00f3lag\u00f6ngu en \u00feess a\u00f0 b\u00f6rnin f\u00e6ddust me\u00f0 l\u00e1ga greindarv\u00edsit\u00f6lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weikart og nokkrir sk\u00f3lastj\u00f3rnendur f\u00f3ru \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00edhuga snemmt\u00e6ka \u00edhlutun fyrir 3\u20134 \u00e1ra b\u00f6rn. \u00deeir ur\u00f0u s\u00edfellt hrifnari af \u00feeirri hugmynd a\u00f0 undirb\u00faa b\u00f6rn \u00e1 leiksk\u00f3laaldri betur fyrir komandi sk\u00f3lag\u00f6ngu. Weikart f\u00e9kk \u00fev\u00ed leyfi til a\u00f0 koma \u00e1 f\u00f3t leiksk\u00f3la \u00ed Michigan. Hann og samstarfsf\u00f3lk hans sneru s\u00e9r a\u00f0 skrifum Jean Piaget<\/a>, \u00fear sem kenningar Piaget um \u00feroska barna studdu heimspekilegt vi\u00f0horf \u00feeirra til virks n\u00e1ms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HighScope-stefnan byggir \u00e1 langt\u00edmaranns\u00f3knum Weikarts og samstarfsf\u00f3lks hans og h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 lesa n\u00e1nar um ranns\u00f3knir \u00feeirra \u00e1 vef HighScope.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir er stikla\u00f0 \u00e1 st\u00f3ru um helstu \u00fe\u00e6tti dagskipulagsins \u00ed HighScope-umhverfi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Virkt n\u00e1m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Virkt n\u00e1m er hjarta HighScope-stefnunnar. B\u00f6rnin eru virkir \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur \u00ed eigin n\u00e1mi og f\u00e1 t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 koma hugsunum s\u00ednum \u00ed or\u00f0 og framkv\u00e6md. \u00deau f\u00e1 t\u00edma og n\u00e6\u00f0i til a\u00f0 kanna efnivi\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00f6llum skynf\u00e6rum s\u00ednum og f\u00e1 til \u00feess stu\u00f0ning og hvatningu kennara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fimm \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00ed virku n\u00e1mi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fimm lykil\u00fe\u00e6ttir virks n\u00e1ms eru:<\/p>\n\n\n\n